TROCKI, Lav Davidovič - "Sabrana djela" (17)

ОТ АВТОРА Все необходимое относительно состава настоящего тома сказано в предисловии редактора тов. Е. Б. Солнцева, которому за его большую работу над томом выражаю здесь искреннюю свою признательность. Л. Троцкий. 15 декабря 1925 г.

AUTOR Sve što trebate o sastavu ovom zborniku, navodi se u predgovoru urednik drug. EB Solntsev, koji je, za njegovu veliku rad na ovoj knjizi izraziti iskrenu zahvalnost za njegov. Trocki. 15. prosinca 1925

ОТ РЕДАКЦИИ И хронологически и по своему содержанию настоящий том примыкает непосредственно к III тому – «1917». В него вошли, однако, далеко не все материалы, относящиеся к эпохе после 1917 года. Превращение нашей партии в партию, руководящую государством, а позднее – и международным рабочим движением, сделало круг ее деятельности, а следовательно, и деятельности ее вождей шире и разнообразнее, работу – многограннее и многостороннее. В частности, работа тов. Троцкого протекала, по меньшей мере, в пяти областях: в области внутри-партийной, коминтерновской, хозяйственной, государственно-политической и военной. Соответственно этим видам работы и разбит в общем и целом материал по томам. По отношению к настоящему тому пришлось, впрочем, несколько поступиться этим общим принципом и объединить материалы, относящиеся к последним двум областям работы. Поскольку именно вопросы военные стояли в центре всей политической жизни страны за весь период гражданской войны, постольку работа тов. Троцкого, в качестве руководителя Красной Армии, так тесно переплеталась с его общей политической деятельностью, что оторвать одну от другой оказалось невозможным.

UVODNIK Oba kronološki iu smislu sadržaja ovog volumena neposredno uz III dio - "1917." To uključuje, međutim, nisu svi materijali koji se odnose na razdoblje nakon 1917. Transformacija naše stranke u stranku, koja vodi državu, i kasnije - i međunarodni radnički pokret, napravio krug svojih aktivnosti, a time i aktivnost njegovih čelnika su šire i raznovrsnije posao - više raznolik i višeznačan. Konkretno, rad kolega. Trocki je tekla u najmanje pet područja: na području unutar stranke, Kominterna, posao, vlada i politički i vojni. Prema tome, ove vrste rada i postavio cijelu stvar po volumenu. U odnosu na to, morao je, međutim, neki se odreći ove opće načelo i kombinirati materijale vezane za posljednja dva područja rada. Budući da je vojna pitanja su na srcu političkom životu zemlje za cijelo razdoblje od građanskog rata, u mjeri u kojoj rad kolega. Trocki, kao čelnika Crvene armije, tako usko povezano s njezinim općim politici koja suza jedni od drugih je nemoguće.

PEPYS, Samuel - "Dnevnik" ("Diary of Samuel Pepys")

Blessed be God, at the end of the last year[1] I was in very good health, without any sense of my old pain, but upon taking of cold.[2] I lived in Axe Yard,[3] having my wife, and servant Jane, and no more in family than us three. My wife . . . . gave me hopes of her being with child, but on the last day of the year . . . .[the hope was belied.][4] The condition of the State was thus; viz. the Rump, after being disturbed by my Lord Lambert,[5] was lately returned to sit again. The officers of the Army all forced to yield. Lawson[6] lies still in the river, and Monk—[George Monk, born 1608, created Duke of Albemarle, 1660, married Ann Clarges, March, 1654, died January 3rd, 1676.]—is with his army in Scotland. Only my Lord Lambert is not yet come into the Parliament, nor is it expected that he will without being forced to it. The new Common Council of the City do speak very high; and had sent to Monk their sword-bearer, to acquaint him with their desires for a free and full Parliament, which is at present the desires, and the hopes, and expectation of all. Twenty-two of the old secluded members[7] having been at the House-door the last week to demand entrance, but it was denied them; and it is believed that [neither] they nor the people will be satisfied till the House be filled. My own private condition very handsome, and esteemed rich, but indeed very poor; besides my goods of my house, and my office, which at present is somewhat uncertain. Mr. Downing master of my office.[8]	Blagoslovljen Bog, na kraju prošle godine [1] Bio sam u vrlo dobrom stanju, bez bilo kakvog osjećaja moje stare boli, ali nakon uzimanja od hladnoće. [2] Ja sam živio u Axe Yard, [3] ima svoju ženu , i sluga Jane, a ne više u obitelji od nas tri. Moja supruga. . . . Dao mi je nada njezina bića s djetetom, ali na posljednji dan u godini. . . . [nada je iznevjerena.] [4] stanje države je tako, naime.Rump, nakon što smeta mojim Gospodina Lambert, [5] u zadnje vrijeme bio vratio na ponovno sjesti. Službenici vojske sve prisiljen dati. Lawson [6] leži još uvijek u rijeci, a Monk-[George Monk, rođen 1608, stvorili Duke Albemarle, 1660, oženjen Ann Clarges, ožujak, 1654, umro je 3 siječnja 1676.]-Je sa svojom vojskom u Škotskoj. Samo mi je Gospodin Lambert još nije došao u Sabor, niti je očekivati ​​da će on bez prisiljeni na njega.Novi Zajednički vijeće Grada učiniti govoriti vrlo visoka, te je poslan na Monka njihov mač-nositelj, da ga upoznaju sa svojim željama za slobodnu i potpunu parlamenta, koja je u ovom trenutku želje i nade, i očekivanja svih . Dvadeset i dvije od starih usamljenih članova [7] koja je bila u kući-vrata prošlog tjedna zahtijevati ulaz, ali ih je negirao, a vjeruje se da [ni] oni ni ljudi će biti zadovoljni do doma biti popunjena. Moja privatna stanje jako zgodan, i cijenjen bogat, ali zaista vrlo loša; osim mojih dobara mojoj kući, a moj ured, koji u ovom trenutku je nešto neizvjesno. G. Downing gospodar moj ured. [8]
1st (Lord's Day) This morning (we living lately in the garret,) I rose, put on my suit with great skirts, having not lately worn any other, clothes but them. Went to Mr. Gunning's [9] chapel at Exeter House, where he made a very good sermon upon these words:—"That in the fulness of time God sent his Son, made of a woman," &c.; showing, that, by "made under the law," is meant his circumcision, which is solemnized this day. Dined at home in the garret, where my wife dressed the remains of a turkey, and in the doing of it she burned her hand. I staid at home all the afternoon, looking over my accounts; then went with my wife to my father's, and in going observed the great posts which the City have set up at the Conduit in Fleet-street. Supt at my, father's, where in came Mrs. The. Turner[10] and Madam Morrice, and supt with us. After that my wife and I went home with them, and so to our own home.	1. (Dan Gospodnji) Jutros (živimo u posljednje vrijeme u Garret,) sam porasla, staviti na moj odijelu s velikim suknje, što nije u zadnje vrijeme nosi nikakve druge, odjeću, ali ih. Otišao je gospodin Gunning je [9] kapela na Exeter doma, gdje je napravio jako dobar propovijed na ovim riječima: -. "To je u punini vremena Bog je poslao svoga Sina, od žene", & c, prikazivanje, da, a "napravio prema zakonu," je značilo njegov obrezanje, koje se svetkovala ovaj dan. Večerao kod kuće u Garret, gdje je moja supruga odjevena ostatke purana, a radi toga je spalio ruku. Ja smiren kod kuće sve poslijepodne, u potrazi nad mojim računima, a zatim je otišao sa ženom na moj otac, i ide primijetio velike postove koje Grad su postavili na Conduit u Fleet-ulici. Supt na moj, otac je, gdje je u došao gđa. Turner [10] i Madam Morrice, a supt s nama. Nakon toga moja supruga i ja otišao kući s njima, i tako našem vlastitom domu.
2nd In the morning before I went forth old East brought me a dozen of bottles of sack, and I gave him a shilling for his pains. Then I went to Mr. Sheply[11],—who was drawing of sack in the wine cellar to send to other places as a gift from my Lord, and told me that my Lord had given him order to give me the dozen of bottles. Thence I went to the Temple to speak with Mr. Calthropp about the L60 due to my Lord[12], but missed of him, he being abroad. Then I went to Mr. Crew's[13] and borrowed L10 of Mr. Andrewes for my own use, and so went to my office, where there was nothing to do. Then I walked a great while in Westminster Hall, where I heard that Lambert was coming up to London; that my Lord Fairfax[14] was in the head of the Irish brigade, but it was not certain what he would declare for. The House was to-day upon finishing the act for the Council of State, which they did; and for the indemnity to the soldiers; and were to sit again thereupon in the afternoon. Great talk that many places have declared for a free Parliament; and it is believed that they will be forced to fill up the House with the old members. From the Hall I called at home, and so went to Mr. Crew's (my wife she was to go to her father's), thinking to have dined, but I came too late, so Mr. Moore and I and another gentleman went out and drank a cup of ale together in the new market, and there I eat some bread and cheese for my dinner. After that Mr. Moore and I went as far as Fleet-street together and parted, he going into the City, I to find Mr. Calthrop, but failed again of finding him, so returned to Mr. Crew's again, and from thence went along with Mrs. Jemimah[15] home, and there she taught me how to play at cribbage. Then I went home, and finding my wife gone to see Mrs. Hunt, I went to Will's[16], and there sat with Mr. Ashwell talking and singing till nine o'clock, and so home, there, having not eaten anything but bread and cheese, my wife cut me a slice of brawn which. I received from my Lady;[17] which proves as good as ever I had any. So to bed, and my wife had a very bad night of it through wind and cold.	2. U jutarnjim satima prije nego što sam otišao naprijed stari istok mi je donio desetak boca vreću i dao sam mu šiling za svojim bolovima. Onda sam otišao s gospodinom Sheply [11],-koji je crtež vreći u podrumu poslati na drugim mjestima, kao dar od mog Gospodara, i rekao mi je da je moj Gospodin mu je dao nalog da mi desetak boca . Odatle sam otišao u hram razgovarati s gospodinom Calthropp o L60 zbog moje Gospodin [12], ali je promašio za njega, on se u inozemstvu. Onda sam otišao g. Posada je [13] i posudio L10 gospodina Andrewes za moje vlastite potrebe, pa je otišao u svoj ured, gdje nije bilo ništa učiniti. Tada sam išao veliku vrijeme u Westminster Hallu, gdje sam čuo da Lambert dolazi do Londona, da je moj Gospodin Fairfax [14] bio je u glavi irske brigade, ali to nije bio siguran što će proglasiti za. Kuća je za dan nakon završetka čin za Državno vijeće, koje su činili, a za naknadu za vojnika, a bili su sjediti opet nakon toga u popodnevnim satima. Velika Razgovor koji su mnoga mjesta proglašena za slobodnu parlamenta, a vjeruje se da će biti prisiljeni popuniti Kuća sa starim članovima. Od dvorani Zvao sam kod kuće, pa je otišao u g. Crew-a (moja supruga je bila otići do svog oca), misleći da su jeli, ali sam došao prekasno, tako da gospodin Moore i ja i još jedan gospodin iziđe i popio čašu piva zajedno u novom tržištu, i tamo sam jesti malo kruha i sira za moju večeru. Nakon toga gospodin Moore i otišao sam koliko Fleet-ulici zajedno i rastali, on ide u City, ja naći gospodina Calthrop, ali opet nije uspio da ga pronaći, pa se vratio s gospodinom posada ponovno, i odande otišao zajedno s gospođom Jemimah [15] doma, a tu je učio me kako igrati na Cribbage. Onda sam otišao kući, a nalaz je moja supruga otišla vidjeti gospođu Hunt, otišao sam Willovog [16], a tu sjedio s g. Ashwell pričaju i pjevaju do devet, pa kući, tamo, što nije jeo ništa ali kruh i sir, moja supruga cut mi krišku Brawn koji. Sam dobio od mog Gospe, [17] što dokazuje kao dobar kao i uvijek sam imao bilo. Dakle, u krevet, i moja supruga je imao vrlo loš noć njega kroz vjetra i hladnoće.
3rd I went out in the morning, it being a great frost, and walked to Mrs. Turner's[18] to stop her from coming to see me to-day, because of Mrs. Jem's corning, thence I went to the Temple to speak with Mr. Calthrop, and walked in his chamber an hour, but could not see him, so went to Westminster, where I found soldiers in my office to receive money, and paid it them. At noon went home, where Mrs. Jem, her maid, Mr. Sheply, Hawly, and Moore dined with me on a piece of beef and cabbage, and a collar of brawn. We then fell to cards till dark, and then I went home with Mrs. Jem, and meeting Mr. Hawly got him to bear me company to Chancery Lane, where I spoke with Mr. Calthrop, he told me that Sir James Calthrop was lately dead, but that he would write to his Lady, that the money may be speedily paid. Thence back to White Hall, where I understood that the Parliament had passed the act for indemnity to the soldiers and officers that would come in, in so many days, and that my Lord Lambert should have benefit of the said act. They had also voted that all vacancies in the House, by the death of any of the old members, shall be filled up; but those that are living shall not be called in. Thence I went home, and there found Mr. Hunt and his wife, and Mr. Hawly, who sat with me till ten at night at cards, and so broke up and to bed.	3. Otišao sam u jutro, to se veliki mraz, i otišao do Gospođa Turner [18] da joj spriječiti vidjeti me u dan, zbog gospođe Jem Corning, odande sam otišao u hram razgovarati s g. Calthrop, i hodio po njegovim komori sata, ali ga nije mogao vidjeti, pa je otišao u Westminsteru, gdje sam pronašao vojnika u mom uredu primiti novac, a plaća mu ih. U podne otišao kući, gdje je gđa Jem, njezina sluškinja, gospodin Sheply, Hawly i Moore večerao sa mnom na komad govedine i kupusa, a ovratnik od Brawn. Mi smo tada pala na karticama do mraka, a onda sam otišao kući s gospođom JEM, a sastanak je gospodin Hawly ga dobio da me snositi tvrtka Chancery Laneu, gdje sam razgovarao s gospodinom Calthrop, on mi je rekao da je Sir James Calthrop je u zadnje vrijeme mrtav, ali da će on pisati svoje Gospe, da novac može brzo biti plaćeno. Odatle natrag u Bijeloj dvorani, gdje sam shvatio da Sabor je donio akt za odštete na vojnika i časnika koji će doći u, u toliko dana, i da je moj Gospodin Lambert trebali imati korist rekao čin. Oni su također glasali da su svi radnih mjesta u Domu, po smrti nekog od starih članova, mora biti popunjena, ali oni koji su živi neće biti pozvan u. Odatle sam otišao kući, a tu naći gospodina Hunta i njegovih žena, i Mr. Hawly, koji je sjedio sa mnom do deset noću na karticama, i tako prekinula i na spavanje.

Blessed be God, at the end of the last year I was in very good health, without any sense of my old pain, but upon taking of cold.

blessed = blagoslovljen (pridjev)
be = biti (glagol); ovdje kao imperativ ("neka je", "neka bude") blessed be God = blagoslovljen neka je Bog
God = Bog; Gospod
at = na (prijedlog); at the end of the last year = krajem prošle godine
the = određeni član, bez odgovarajućeg prevoda na naš jezik
end = kraj (im.)
of = od (prijedlog); na našem se najčešće prevodi genitivom
last = posljednji; prošli; last year = prošla godina
I = ja (lič. zamj.)
was = preterit (prosto prošlo vrijeme, aorist) glagola "be"
in = u (prijedlog)
very = vrlo, veoma (adv.-prilog)
good = dobar (adj.-pridjev)
health = zdravlje (im.)
to be in good health = biti dobroga zdravlja (idiom.)
without = bez (prep. - prijedlog)
any = ikakav
sense = osjećaj
my = moj (posv. zamj.)
old = stari (adj.)
pain = bol (im.)
but = ali (veznik)
taking = gerundive od "take" = uzeti; uhvatiti; kod nas se gerundiv prevodi se glagolskim prilogom (sadašnjim ili bivšim)
cold = hladan (adj.) prehlada (n. . imenica)

Blagoslovljen neka je Gospod, krajem prošle godine sam bio vrlo dobroga zdravlja, uopće nisma osjećao stare bolove, ali sam bio uhvatio prehladu.

I lived in Axe Yard, having my wife, and servant Jane, and no more in family than us three.

lived = past sim. od "live" - živjeti
servant = sluškinja

Živio sam u Axe Yardu sa svojom suprugom i sluškinjom Jane, bez ikakve druge obitelji osim nas troje.

My wife . . . . gave me hopes of her being with child, but on the last day of the year . . . .[the hope was belied.]

Moja supruga mi je davala nadu da je trudna, ali na zadnji dan godine se je ta nada izjalovila.

The condition of the State was thus; viz. the Rump, after being disturbed by my Lord Lambert, was lately returned to sit again. 



The officers of the Army all forced to yield. Lawson[6] lies still in the river, and Monk—[George Monk, born 1608, created Duke of Albemarle, 1660, married Ann Clarges, March, 1654, died January 3rd, 1676.]—is with his army in Scotland. Only my Lord Lambert is not yet come into the Parliament, nor is it expected that he will without being forced to it. The new Common Council of the City do speak very high; and had sent to Monk their sword-bearer, to acquaint him with their desires for a free and full Parliament, which is at present the desires, and the hopes, and expectation of all.

CHRISTIE, Agatha - "Misteriozna afera u Stylesu" ("The Mysterious Affair at Styles")

The intense interest aroused in the public by what was known at the time as "The Styles Case" has now somewhat subsided.

intense = (adj.) silan; intenzivan; jak
public = (n.) publika; javnost; (adj.) javni
aroused = pobuđen; pasivan način se u našem jeziku ne upotrebljava tako često kao u engleskom i često se prevodi aktivom
somewhat = ponešto; malko; donekle
subside = opasti; splasnuti

Veliko zanimanje, koje je u javnosti pobudilo ono što je u to vrijeme bilo poznato kao "Slučaj Stiles", sad je donekle splasnulo.

Nevertheless, in view of the world-wide notoriety which attended it, I have been asked, both by my friend Poirot and the family themselves, to write an account of the whole story.

in view of = obzirom na
notoriety = ozloglašenost; pozornost (n.)

Ipak, obzirom na pozornost koju je privukao širom svijeta, zamolili su me, kako moj prijatelj Poirot, tako i sama obitelj, da napišem izvještaj o cijeloj priči.

This, we trust, will effectually silence the sensational rumours which still persist.

To će, nadamo se, djelotvorno ušutkati senzacionalističke glasine koje još uvijek kolaju.

I will therefore briefly set down the circumstances which led to my being connected with the affair.

Stoga ću ukratko navesti okolnosti koje su dovele do moje povezanosti s aferom.

I had been invalided home from the Front; and, after spending some months in a rather depressing Convalescent Home, was given a month's sick leave.


S fronta sam se vratio kući kao invalid i, nakon što sam proveo nekoliko mjeseci u poprilično depresivnom domu za oporavak, dobio sam mjesec dana bolovanja. 

Having no near relations or friends, I was trying to make up my mind what to do, when I ran across John Cavendish. 


Kako nisam imao bliže rodbine ni prijatelja, pokušavao sam se odlučiti što da radim, kad sam naletio na Johna Cavendisha.

I had seen very little of him for some years. Indeed, I had never known him particularly well.


Rijetko sam ga viđao zadnjih nekoliko godina. Štoviše, nikad ga nisam ni poznavao naročito dobro.

He was a good fifteen years my senior, for one thing, though he hardly looked his forty-five years. As a boy, though, I had often stayed at Styles, his mother's place in Essex.


Bio je, naime, dobrih petnaest godina stariji od mene, mada mu se njegovih četrdeset pet godina nije moglo vidjeti. Kao dječak sam, međutim, često boravio u Stylesu, mjestu u Essexu iz koga potiče njegova majka.

We had a good yarn about old times, and it ended in his inviting me down to Styles to spend my leave there.

 

Lijepo smo raspredali o starim vremenima, a razgovor je završio njegovim pozivom da svoje odsustvo provedem u Stylesu. 

"The mater will be delighted to see you again--after all those years," he added.
"Your mother keeps well?" I asked.
"Oh, yes. I suppose you know that she has married again?"

"Majci će biti drago da te ponovno vidi, nakon svih ovih godina", dodao je.

"Tvoja majka je dobro?" pitao sam.

"Oh, da. Pretpostavljam da znaš da se je ponovno udala?"

I am afraid I showed my surprise rather plainly. Mrs. Cavendish, who had married John's father when he was a widower with two sons, had been a handsome woman of middle-age as I remembered her.  

Bojim se da sam svoje iznenađenje pokazao isuviše očito. Gđa. Cavendish, koja se je udala za Johnovog oca kad je ovaj ostao udovac s dva sina, bila je, koliko sam je imao u sjećanju, zgodna žena srednjih godina.

She certainly could not be a day less than seventy now. I recalled her as an energetic, autocratic personality, somewhat inclined to charitable and social notoriety, with a fondness for opening bazaars and playing the Lady Bountiful.

Sad joj nikako nije moglo biti manje od sedamdeset godina. Sjećam je se kao energične i autokratne osobe, s izvjesnom slabošću prema karitativnim i društvenim aktivitetima i sklonošću za otvaranje bazara i igranje uloge Darežljive Gospe.

She was a most generous woman, and possessed a considerable fortune of her own.

Bila je izuzetno velikodušna žena, a posjedovala je i svoj poveći vlastiti imetak.

Their country-place, Styles Court, had been purchased by Mr. Cavendish early in their married life. He had been completely under his wife's ascendancy, so much so that, on dying, he left the place to her for her lifetime, as well as the larger part of his income; an arrangement that was distinctly unfair to his two sons. Their step-mother, however, had always been most generous to them; indeed, they were so young at the time of their father's remarriage that they always thought of her as their own mother.